Cylinder construction for internal-combustion engines



Se t. 27 192 p 7 E. NIBBS CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed March 4. 1926 ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 27, 1927.

* UNI TATES.

PAT en ERNEST NrBBs, or NEW ennon, oon-nncsricu'r, AssrGNoR ITO ELECTRIC Boar coivrranr, or NBW- ennon, CONN-EGTIOU'I, A oonronA'rIon or new JERSEY- oynmnn n' consraucrion r03 inrnnnar-corrnus'rion EnGINns.

Application filed March 4', 1925. sem No. 92,144.

This invention relates to internal combustion enginefof the Diesel or other typesand" described, though it is tobe'understo'od that] the invention is capable'of use in. other in ternal combustion engines, of'which the Diesel is only one of several well-known p s! In Diesel engine operation, it has long been the practice to start the engine by means of compressed air or other gases introduced into the cylinder through a valve, tube or other connection disposed in the cylinder head. Similarly, relief valves have been, customarily provided to. relieve excessive pressure in the cylinder, such valves flange at of the liner which enters a periph being ordinarily disposed in the cylinder head. As the cylinder head also carries the inlet, exhaust and fuel valves in usualpractice, the additionaljstarting air valve. and. pressure relief valve placed on the head make the-latter difficult to design and furthermore the distribution of the metal in. the head is. such that. it is diiiicult to cool it evenly, Accordingly, strains are set up in the metal. when. the engine is working which are likely to result in. cracking and the con-- sequence is. that'frequent replacement has heretofore beenv necessary' The cylinder heads of these engines as now constructed,

therefore,v are difiicult to? design, construct and, maintain in. satisfactory condition.

The object of thepresent invention is to.

provide an engine construction. in which these difficulties are overcome, more spec fically, by providinga connection in the, wall of. the cylinder for the introduction of thestartingffiuid or. for the relief of excessive pressure. By. the uie of a connection so disposed, the cylinder head; design is greatly simplified, and its construction facilitated, as wellasits life .increasedl i I The invention is intended for use in en.- gines inwhich a separate c linder liner" is used, not a part of.'tl1e cylinder jacket, and it involves ,the formation of a 'bore'through the cylinder acket communicating with anopening through the liner into the cylinder just below the cylinder head and at such a point that it will not be covered by the piston at the end of its upstroke. Within the bore in r the jacket is a tube threaded into the opening in the liner, and having its outer end. free; The packed at both ends appropriate means, and at the; outer end-the pack ng may be held in place the v al ve body" fastened to the water jacket casting." The tube is thus free to. expander contract",

is so inhunted that no leakage around it. can occur, and is properly placed so. that in" is in communicationWith the interior of. the

cylinder at all times. 7

For a better understanding of" the invent1Qn reference will be made. to the acconipanyi'ng drawing, in which the single figure a vertical sectional View through. the. cyliinder wall and the connection."

In the drawing, the enginecylinder jacket 1 is shown. as being provided with a liner 2 forced into the cylinder jacket and held? in place by the cylinder head 3' overlying the eral recess formed in the upper end. of the jacket', casting. 1 The jacket. and liner are. spaced as atj5 to-provide a chamber for the cooling medium.

In the jacket near the top thereof is formed a bore 6' communicating with an aperture 7 through the liner, the inner end of the aperture preferably being flared as indicated'at 8 andlying; sufficiently close to and: the liner and. prevents leakage Ofair. or.

Water. at. this point. I

The tube 10 isof. somewhat. less diameter than the bore 6's0 that. lateral expansion; of

the tube and the bore. is permitted. The.-

outer end 13: ofJthetube is. free... This. end'is Within the bore dis. a

" preferably internally flared as shownat 14, r

and a transverse slot 15 is provided in the 1 end of the tube to, receive a tool for the insertion or removal of the. tube.

Secured} rigidly, to the end of the extension 16. of the jacket: in which the'bore 6 is formed'isthe valvejbody17- inwhich is the valve 18 controlling the flow through the tube and operated by the usual devices. This valve body has a tubular extension 19 entering the enlargement 20 at the end of the bore and acting as a gland for a packing ring 21. With this construction, the end of the tube is free so that longitudinal expansion and contraction is permitted while leakage around the tube within the bore 6 is prevented.

It will be seen that with this construction access to the interior of the cylinder for the introduction of air for starting or for the re lief of excessive pressure is aiforded, but the air or pressure relief connection is disposed in the cylinder wall instead of in the head. The "connection is entirely effective for the purposes intended and at the same time, the construction of the head is greatly sim plified and difficulties in design, construction, and maintenance are overcome. A head of much greater strength and durability may accordingly be used without altering the operation of the engine in any way.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder jacket, a liner therein, a head closing one end of the jacket. a piston movable within the jacket in contac 6. In. an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a cylinder jacket, a'liner' therein, a head closing one end of the'jacket,

a piston movable within the jacket in contact with the liner, an opening through the liner at a point beyond the limit of travel of the. piston toward the head, a passage through the .j acket, a tube threaded into the liner in the wall of the opening and extending into the passage free of the walls thereof.

7. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a cylinder jacket, a liner with the liner, a passage through the jacket "therein, a head closing one end of the jacket,

and liner opening into the interior of the latter at a point beyond the limit of travel of the piston towardthe head, and a tube fixed in the liner and extending through the pas sage.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder jacket, a liner therein, a head closing one end of the jacket, 2. piston movable within the jacket in contact with the liner, an opening through the liner at a point beyond the limit of travel of the piston toward the head, a bore through the jacketin communication with the opening, and a tube projecting into the opening and extending through the bore.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder jacket, a liner therein, a head closing one end of the jacket, a piston movable within the jacket in contact with the liner, a passage through the jacket and liner opening into the interior of the latter at a point beyond the limit of travel of the piston toward the head, and a valve for controlling flow through the passage.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder jacket, a liner therein, a head closing one end of the jacket, a piston movable within the jacket in con tact with the liner, a passage through the jacket and liner opening into the interior of the latter at a point beyond the limit of travel of the piston toward the head, and a tube in the passage in communication with the opening and spaced from the wall of that part of the passage through the jacket.

a piston movable within the jacket in contact with the liner, an opening through the liner at a point beyond the limit of travel of the piston toward the head, a passage through the jacket, a tube mounted in the liner in communication with the opening and extending into the passage, and packing at either end of the tube to prevent leakage between the latter and the inner wall of the passage.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder jacket, a liner therein, a head closing one end of the jacket, a piston movable within the jacket in contact with the liner, a passage through the jacket and liner opening into the interior of the latter, a valve body secured to the jacket and in communication with the end of the passage, anda valve in the body for controlling fiow through the passage.

9. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a cylinder jacket, a liner therein, a head closing one end of the jacket, a piston movable within the jacket in contact with the liner, an opening through the liner, a passage through the jacket in communication with the opening, a tube mounted at one end in the opening and extending into the passage, a valve body secured to the jacket in communication with the passage, a valve in the body for controlling flow through the passage, and packing between the free end of the tube and the inner wall of the passage held in place by the valve body.

ERNEST NIBBS. 

